Kumabhayisikobho amaningi kanye nemisebenzi yezincwadi, amalabhorethri okuhlola ubugebengu abonakala njengokuphila okukhethekile nokubalulekile, ikakhulukazi indaba yokuhlola ukuhlonza i-DNA ivame ukuba yisihluthulelo sokuthola izinkomba nokuxazulula amacala.Kodwa-ke, uma ukunemba kwemiphumela yokuhlolwa evezwayo kungabaza, ngeke kube ubufakazi obungokomthetho, ingasaphathwa eyokudalula iqiniso emakhoneni afihliwe. Kukhona into ekhethekile engokwenyama neyamakhemikhali okufanele ilabhorethri yokuhlolwa kwezifo kufanele iyiphathe ngokuqapha, futhi lokho kuwukuvimbela amasampula e-DNA ukuthi ahlolwe ekungcoleni elabhorethri. Njengamanje, kunezimbangela ezahlukene zokungcoliswa kwe-DNA. Phakathi kwazo, amathuba okungcoliswa kwe-DNA akhulu kakhulu.

Njengamanye amalabhorethri, izinto ezisetshenziswayo kanye nemishini emalabhorethri okuhlola ukungcola zingcolisiwe ezimweni eziningi. Ikakhulukazi, ukutheleleka phakathi kwamasampula e-DNA ngokusekelwe ekuphenduleni kwe-PCR, ezinye izinto zokuhlola kanye nobufakazi obuphathekayo, kanye nabahloli ngokwabo yibo okunzima kakhulu ukubuthola. Lezi zinsalela zokungcola zifaka phakathi amaseli ebhayoloji, igazi, izicubu, kanye nama-reagent okuhlola, insipho yokugeza izitsha kanye nokunye ukungcola.

Kuhle ukugcizelela ukuthi izitsha zeglasi ezingasetshenziswa kabusha emalabhorethri okuhlola njengezitsha zesampula, amabhodlela e-reagent, amashubhu okuhlola, ama-pipettes, amaflaski, izitsha ze-petri, njll. Ukusetshenziswa kwazo okunganele, ukungalandeli imithetho, kanye nokungalandeli imithetho emisebenzini yokuwasha kungenye yezimbangela eziholela ekutholakaleni okungalungile kanye neziphetho zokuhlaziya.

Lolu hlobo lokungcola kwezitsha zengilazi luyisongo esisobala emiphumeleni yokuhlolwa, ngakho-ke yini isihluthulelo sokukuxazulula?

Okokuqala, uma kutholakala isimo sokungcoliswa kwe-DNA okusolwayo, imiphumela yokuhlolwa kufanele ihlolwe kabusha ngesikhathi ukuze kutholakale iphutha. Lokhu kuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu.

Bese, yenza izinkomba zokulawula ikhwalithi ezintweni ezisetshenziswayo zokuhlola, okuhlanganisa izitsha zeglasi, ama-reagent, njll., ukuze uqinisekise ngokwengeziwe umthombo wokungcola.

Ngalesi sisekelo, thuthukisa izinqubo zokuhlanza izitsha zengilazi ukuze kulungiswe amaphutha, ukuze kugwenywe ukuthi amaphutha afanayo angaphinde enzeke.

Okwesithathu, kuphela ngokuqinisa izindlela zokulwa nokungcola kanye nokuhlanza ilabhorethri ukuze kwakheke ukuphathwa okuhlelekile lapho ukwenziwa ngcono kwenqubo yokuhlanza kungaba nenjongo futhi kuphumelele khona.

Eqinisweni, ilabhorethri efanelekile yokuhlolwa kwe-forensic kufanele ibe nendawo ezinikele futhi ezimele yokuhlola i-DNA ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukungcola kuyancishiswa ekuxhumaneni okuhlukene kokuhlola. Isibonelo, indawo yokwamukelwa kwecala kanye nendawo yokugcina isampula, indawo yokukhishwa kwesampula ye-DNA, indawo yokukhulisa i-DNA, indawo yokuthola i-DNA, indawo yokuhlola kwangaphambi kwesikhathi, indawo yokuhlaziya imiphumela, indawo yokulungiselela, indawo yokukhulisa i-DNA, indawo yokuthola i-buffer, njalo njalo. Phakathi kwazo, ukuhlanza izingilazi endaweni yokulungiselela kuzosiza kakhulu ukwandisa amathuba okwehluleka kwemiphumela yokuhlolwa.

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi amalabhorethri amaningi ochwepheshe, okuhlanganisa namalabhorethri okuhlola ubugebengu, asasebenzisa izindlela zokuhlanza ngesandla ezingasebenzi kahle ukuxazulula inkinga yezinsalela zokungcola ezitsheni zengilazi. Kodwa le ndlela ayithuthukisi ngokuyisisekelo ingozi yabantu yokungcoliswa okuhlukahlukene.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinkinga zokuhlanza izingilazi ngesandla zidlulela ngalé kwalokhu.

MUkuhlanzwa kwengilazi minyaka yonke ngeke kugcine nje ngokwehluleka ukuhlanza kahle ingilazi yelabhorethri futhi kuthinte isiphetho sokugcina sokuhlolwa kwe-DNA kanye nokuhlonza, kuzoletha nochungechunge lwezingxabano ezifana nokuchitha izinsiza, ubunzima bemisebenzi yokuhlanza, kanye nezingozi zokuphepha kwabasebenzi belabhorethri. Okwamanje, ukusetshenziswa kwe- umshini wokuwasha izingilazi ozenzakalelayookusetshenziswa emalabhorethri okuhlola ubugebengu emhlabeni wonke kuzosiza ekuthuthukiseni lesi simo.

Umshini wokuhlanza ingilazi welebhuingahlanza ngokunembile izinhlobo ezahlukene zezingilazi zelebhu ngendlela ephephile, ehlelekile, futhi ehlakaniphile ukuze ihambisane nemithethonqubo efanele ye-GMP kanye ne-FDA. Uma kuqhathaniswa nendlela yokuhlanza ngesandla, i- Umshini Wokuwasha Welebhuingalandelela inqubo yokuhlanza kuyo yonke inqubo, okusiza ekutholeni amarekhodi edatha abalulekile ezicini ezahlukene. Le datha ibaluleke kakhulu ekususweni kwezimo ezisele okuhlanganisa nokungcola okubhekene nokuhlolwa kwe-DNA. Ikakhulukazi uma kukhona umehluko nokungabaza ngemiphumela yokuhlolwa!

Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kobuchwepheshe obufanele, amalabhorethri e-forensic azothatha imithwalo yemfanelo eyengeziwe enkambisweni yokuphatha icala. Ngale ndlela, izidingo zanoma yimiphi imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwelabhorethri kanye nokuma kanye nokunemba kuzoqhubeka nokukhula ngokwemvelo. Izindlela ezifaka ukuhlolwa kwe-DNA zingaqinisekisa kuphela imiphumela ehlanzekile futhi zithole iziphetho ezifanele kanye nobufakazi uma ziphumelela ekuhlanzeni amagciwane. Lokhu kuyinto okufanele ikhunjulwe yiwo wonke amalabhorethri e-forensic.